Functions

To make a specific block of code reusable, you can wrap it inside a function. In cambo, functions can take inputs (parameters), process data and optionally return a result.

type identifier(parameters){
  # code ...
}

• type can any, void, primitive types, or user-defined types, pointers, etc.
• parameters is optional, can be none, one or more.
  main function is another story for this, see main

Example:

int add(int a, int b){
  return a + b;
}

void do_nothing(){
  return;
}

int main(string args[]){
  do_nothing();
  int result = add(1, 2);
  return 0;
}

Default value parameters

type identifier(type identifier = value){

}

• Default value must be constant, which is known at compile time.
• A parameter with default value will become optional, can be skipped when the function is called
• All default value parameters should be defined at the end of parameter list

Example:

float scale(float a, float factor = 1.0){
  return a * factor;
}

int main(string args[]){

  float r1 = scale(3.0);       # r1 = 3.0 * 1.0 = 3.0
  float r2 = scale(3.0, 1.5);  # r2 = 3.0 * 1.5 = 4.5

  return 0;
}

However, in some cases, assume you have 2 default-valued parameters (or more), and you want to keep the first one stays default but the change the last, you can use the default keyword. Example:

void print_text(string text, float opacity = 1.0, int size = 12){
  # implementation ...
}

int main(string args[]){

  print_text("hello, world!", default, 15);

  return 0;
}